Conquering Carpal Tunnel: A Guide to Conservative Treatments

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is like an uninvited guest in your hand, but it doesn't have to stay forever. Several simple treatments can help manage CTS and make your hands feel better. Here’s how you can take control of your recovery.

What is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

Carpal tunnel syndrome arises when the median nerve, responsible for sensation and movement in your thumb, index, middle, and half of your ring finger, gets compressed within the carpal tunnel in your wrist. This compression can lead to tingling, numbness, weakness, and pain in the hand and wrist.

What causes the compression?

It could be a combination of things: inflammation, awkward or sustained working positions, repetitive movements, operating heavy machinery, muscular strength, and mobility imbalances throughout the forearm, upper arm, and even the neck.

Combating CTS: A Multi-Pronged Approach

Conservative treatments aim to reduce pressure on the median nerve and alleviate CTS symptoms. Here's a look at some effective options:

1. Splinting: Wearing a wrist splint, particularly at night, immobilizes your wrist in a neutral position. This helps rest the median nerve and reduce pressure within the carpal tunnel.

2. Activity Modification: Mindfulness in daily activities can significantly improve CTS symptoms. Identify tasks that aggravate your symptoms and make adjustments. This may involve taking frequent breaks, using proper posture, and incorporating ergonomic tools into your workspace, keeping your wrist in neutral while you work, or changing your workspace to set yourself up for success.

3. Manual Therapy: Mobilization and manual therapy to the transverse carpal ligament and surrounding structures, trigger point dry needling to the flexor or extensor mass, depending on where the restrictions or limitations can be found, and nerve mobilizations/ gliding for the median nerve.

4. Therapeutic Exercises: Gentle hand and wrist exercises prescribed by a physical or occupational therapist can improve flexibility, nerve mobility, and overall hand function.

Wrist flexion stretching, wrist extension stretching, median nerve glides, grip strengthening, and upper extremity strengthening exercises may be appropriate depending on the severity (how intense they symptoms are and how they impact you), irritability (how much activity is required to provoke the symptoms) and nature (what other factors besides activity impact your experience) of your symptoms.

*Disclaimer: Exercises are for education only and should not be used in place of a PT or OT evaluation or free injury screen by one of our skilled PTs or OTs.

5. Functional Exercise: Using the fundamental strength and mobility built with therapeutic exercise to perform combined movements that mimic your job tasks, life outside of work, or hobbies that you may have.

The Takeaway: Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for successful CTS management. By implementing conservative treatments at the first signs of CTS, you can prevent further nerve irritation and regain control of your hand function.

Consulting a physical or occupational therapist is vital for proper diagnosis and crafting a personalized treatment plan to conquer carpal tunnel and reclaim pain-free hand use.

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About the author: Ron Lawrence is a physical therapist and strength and conditioning specialist at our Shawano Clinic and with our Industrial Medicine Team. He holds advanced certifications in Dry Needling and Nutrition. He is an excellent resource for any work-related or non-work-related aches you may have!